sculpture-3dlisted

# Sculpture & 3D Art Sculpture is the art of thinking in three dimensions. Where drawing and painting represent space on a flat surface, sculpture occupies space directly -- it has mass, casts shadows, changes as the viewer moves around it, and interacts with its environment. This skill covers the fundamental processes of sculptural making, the cognitive shift from pictorial to spatial reasoning, and the expanded field of three-dimensional art that includes installation, assemblage, and site-specific work. **Agent affinity:** leonardo (observation and engineering of form), ai-weiwei (installation and conceptual sculpture) **Concept IDs:** art-materials-making, art-color-value-composition ## Sculptural Processes | # | Process | Direction | Materials | Key principle | |---|---|---|---|---| | 1 | Modeling | Additive | Clay, wax, plaster | Build up form by adding material | | 2 | Carving | Subtractive | Stone, wood, plaster block | Remove material to reveal form | | 3 | Casting | Reproductive | Bronze, resin, plaster, concrete | Create a mold, then fill it to reproduce form | | 4 | Assemblage | Constructive | Found objects, metal, wood, mixed media | Join separate elements into a unified whole | | 5 | Installation | Spatial | Any and all materials | Create an environment or experience, not just an object | ## Process 1 -- Modeling (Additive) **Pattern:** Begin with nothing (or an armature) and build form by progressively adding material -- pinching, coiling, slab-building,