execution-cost-analysislisted
Install: claude install-skill howard-lynn-ye/fin-skills
# Execution cost analysis
**A backtest assumes a cost. TCA measures one.** Most research stacks do the first and never the
second, which is why "works in backtest, loses money live" is the most common complaint in the field
and the least often diagnosed.
This skill is about your own fills. For choosing a cost *assumption* before you have fills, see
`../research-integrity-guards/SKILL.md` §4 and its
`../research-integrity-guards/scripts/cost_curve.py`.
## 1. 🚨 A perfect VWAP score is compatible with any amount of loss
✅ Measured with `scripts/benchmark_choice.py` — one 100,000-share buy through a session that drifts
**+120.7 bps against the buyer**:
| Schedule | vs decision price | vs interval VWAP | vs close |
|---|---|---|---|
| TWAP | +26.1 | −6.5 | −93.5 |
| **VWAP** | **+32.6** | **+0.0** | −87.1 |
| Opportunistic | −10.5 | −42.9 | −129.7 |
| Front-loaded (58m) | **−17.1** | −49.5 | −136.1 |
*(positive = cost; negative = beat that benchmark)*
🚨 **The VWAP schedule scores exactly 0.0 bps against VWAP — textbook-perfect — while costing the
fund 32.6 bps against the price at which the decision was made.** It matched the market's own
schedule through the whole adverse move, so it ate the move in full and the metric reported nothing.
🔑 **VWAP measures whether you looked like everyone else. It cannot tell you whether trading at that
pace was a good idea.** Finishing in 58 minutes instead was **49.6 bps better for the fund**.
⚠️ **What this does NOT show:** on this p