security-and-hardening

# Security and Hardening ## Overview Security-first development practices for web applications. Treat every external input as hostile, every secret as sacred, and every authorization check as mandatory. Security isn't a phase — it's a constraint on every line of code that touches user data, authentication, or external systems. ## When to Use - Building anything that accepts user input - Implementing authentication or authorization - Storing or transmitting sensitive data - Integrating with external APIs or services - Adding file uploads, webhooks, or callbacks - Handling payment or PII data ## Process: Threat Model First Controls bolted on without a threat model are guesses. Before hardening, spend five minutes thinking like an attacker: 1. **Map the trust boundaries.** Where does untrusted data cross into your system? HTTP requests, form fields, file uploads, webhooks, third-party APIs, message queues, and **LLM output**. Every boundary is attack surface. 2. **Name the assets.** What's worth stealing or breaking? Credentials, PII, payment data, admin actions, money movement. 3. **Run STRIDE over each boundary** — a quick lens, not a ceremony: | Threat | Ask | Typical mitigation | |---|---|---| | **S**poofing | Can someone impersonate a user/service? | Authentication, signature verification | | **T**ampering | Can data be altered in transit or at rest? | Integrity checks, parameterized queries, HTTPS | | **R**epudiation | Can an action be denied later? | Audit logging...