3d-games

# 3D Game Development > Principles for 3D game systems. --- ## 1. Rendering Pipeline ### Stages ``` 1. Vertex Processing → Transform geometry 2. Rasterization → Convert to pixels 3. Fragment Processing → Color pixels 4. Output → To screen ``` ### Optimization Principles | Technique | Purpose | |-----------|---------| | **Frustum culling** | Don't render off-screen | | **Occlusion culling** | Don't render hidden | | **LOD** | Less detail at distance | | **Batching** | Combine draw calls | --- ## 2. Shader Principles ### Shader Types | Type | Purpose | |------|---------| | **Vertex** | Position, normals | | **Fragment/Pixel** | Color, lighting | | **Compute** | General computation | ### When to Write Custom Shaders - Special effects (water, fire, portals) - Stylized rendering (toon, sketch) - Performance optimization - Unique visual identity --- ## 3. 3D Physics ### Collision Shapes | Shape | Use Case | |-------|----------| | **Box** | Buildings, crates | | **Sphere** | Balls, quick checks | | **Capsule** | Characters | | **Mesh** | Terrain (expensive) | ### Principles - Simple colliders, complex visuals - Layer-based filtering - Raycasting for line-of-sight --- ## 4. Camera Systems ### Camera Types | Type | Use | |------|-----| | **Third-person** | Action, adventure | | **First-person** | Immersive, FPS | | **Isometric** | Strategy, RPG | | **Orbital** | Inspection, editors | ### Camera Feel - Smooth following (lerp) - Collision avoidance - Look-ahead ...