python-services

# Python Services & CLI ## Modern Tooling | Tool | Replaces | Purpose | |------|----------|---------| | **uv** | pip, virtualenv, pyenv, pipx | Package/dependency management | | **ruff** | flake8, black, isort | Linting + formatting | | **ty** | mypy, pyright | Type checking (Astral, faster) | - `uv init --package myproject` for distributable packages, `uv init` for apps - `uv add <pkg>`, `uv add --group dev <pkg>`, never edit pyproject.toml deps manually - `uv run <cmd>` instead of activating venvs - `uv.lock` goes in version control - Use `[dependency-groups]` (PEP 735) for dev/test/docs, not `[project.optional-dependencies]` - PEP 723 inline metadata for standalone scripts with deps - `ruff check --fix . && ruff format .` for lint+format in one pass ## CLI Tools **Entry points** in pyproject.toml: ```toml [project.scripts] my-tool = "my_package.cli:main" ``` **Click** (recommended for complex CLIs): ```python import click @click.group() @click.version_option() def cli(): ... @cli.command() @click.argument("name") @click.option("--count", default=1, type=int) def greet(name: str, count: int): for _ in range(count): click.echo(f"Hello, {name}!") def main(): cli() ``` **argparse** for simple CLIs — subparsers for subcommands, `parser.add_argument("--output", "-o")`. Use `src/` layout. Include `py.typed` for type hints. `importlib.resources.files()` for package data access. ## Parallelism | Workload | Approach | |----------|----------| | Many concu...